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Pre Transplant

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Before undergoing transplant, you may need to undergo rigorous evaluation, which includes:

  • CT scans of the head, chest, and abdomen
  • Blood test
  • Stress test
  • Pulmonary function testing
  • Heart catheterization
  • Endoscopy
  • X-rays of the upper GI tract
  • X-ray of small bowel
  • Motility studies
General-health-exam
General health exam

This consists of a physical examination and cancer screening tests to evaluate your overall health.

Blood-tests
Blood tests

There are different blood tests that you may need to undergo to know about gene compatibility.

Imaging-tests
Imaging tests

Various tests like CT scan, MRI, or PET scan may be recommended to look for any abnormality in the organs.

Social-and-psychological-evaluation
Social and psychological evaluation

These evaluations are done to assess your overall stress, financial issues, and support by your friends and family.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound

Ultrasound is done with the help of sound waves creates a picture of the internal organs, and it gives the inside picture of the organ. Endorectal ultrasounds are commonly performed to find in case of cancer and how deeply rectal cancer has grown. It also helps plan treatment.

colonoscopy
Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy helps the doctor to look inside the entire colon for any abnormality. In this procedure, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum. There is a tiny video camera at the tip of the tube that gives the pictures.

Looking for the Pre Transplant in Pune

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Waiting Period

There are more patients in need of an intestinal transplant than the bowel donated. Hence, the waiting list is long in India. While being on the waiting list for organ, your doctor will start the other treatment and plan a treatment that will keep you in stable condition and prepare you for your upcoming transplant procedure. Keep your doctor informed about any changes your experience about your health and get a consultation.

The Intestinal Transplant process

Urgent call

Step 1

Urgent call
In case the hospital where you have registered for your transplant received the organ, they will immediately call you and admit you.

Evaluation

Step 2

Evaluation
After you are admitted, you will undergo various tests and evaluations to assess if you are healthy enough to undergo transplant surgery.

Anesthesia

Step 3

Anesthesia
Once you are cleared by your doctor for surgery. You will be taken to the operation theatre, and anesthesia will be given to numb the pain.

Ventilator

Step 4

Ventilator
Depending upon the health condition, some patient's may need ventilator support.

Incision

Step 5

Incision
Your doctor will make an incision in the abdomen to have access to your intestine.

Abdomen evaluation

Step 6

Abdomen evaluation
An evaluation will be done to look for abnormalities in the intestine and other organs around it.

Removal of the intestine

Step 7

Removal of the intestine
At this step, your intestine will be removed (together with other organs in case of a multi-visceral transplant), and the appropriate donated organ(s) will be placed into the abdomen.

Stoma

Step 8

Stoma
A stoma is an opening surgically-created in the small bowel or colon (respectively ileostomy and colostomy), which allows the transplant team to monitor the transplanted organ. After some time, usually 6 to 12, the stoma will be closed.

Gastrojejunostomy feeding tube

Step 9

Gastrojejunostomy feeding tube
In some cases, gastrojejunostomy tube inserted during the operation through the skin and into the GI tract. One end is in the stomach. It is usually used to decompress the stomach or to administer medications. This tube is usually removed after and reasonable nutritional independence is achieved. In some cases, this tube is not placed.

Closure

Step 10

Closure
After the procedure is complete, an incision is closed.

Complications of Intestinal Transplant

  • Surgical Complications: Certain complications may occur during or shortly after the surgery, such as:
  • Wound infection
  • Blood clot in the artery or vein of the lungs, heart, spleen, pancreas, or liver.
  • Diabetes
  • Bile leakage from the bile ducts
  • Uncontrollable bleeding
  • Infection: You will be prescribed immunosuppressants to suppress the action of the immune system to aid the adjustment of the new organ in the body. However, taking immunosuppressants may expose you to various infectious diseases.
  • Rejection: Sometimes, your new organ may not be accepted by the body and hence may not be able to function appropriately. Our immune system recognizes the foreign organisms or particles such as viruses or bacteria, and it might not accept the new organ as well, leading to chances of rejection.
  • Anti-rejection medications side effects: You will be prescribed various anti-rejection medications for the proper functioning of the liver and overall health. These medicines can behave certain major side effects such as:
  • Weight gain
  • High blood pressure
  • Damage to kidneys
  • Cholesterol imbalance
  • Thrombosis: It is the clot that forms in the artery or vein of the new intestine. It leads to the stoppage of the blood supply to the intestine.
  • Bleeding: There is a high risk of internal bleeding linked with major surgeries. This may call for blood transfusion, and another surgery may be required to stop the bleeding.
  • Leak: Sometimes, the leak may occur at a point where your new intestine has been attached to your own organ. You may need to undergo an operation to stop this leak.
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